Real Estate Purchase |
The most common way to use real estate as an investment is to buy apartments or houses directly. |
Real Estate Stocks |
An alternative is real estate stocks. These are shares of companies in the real estate sector that develop, produce, manage and market the properties. These can be large civil engineering firms, real estate agents, housing associations or professional property managers. |
Real Estate Bonds |
The concept of real estate bonds or mortgage bonds conceals fixed-interest securities, which are often secured by mortgages. Moreover, this is a normal bond. Unlike real estate stocks, which represent equity of the respective real estate company, bonds are debt capital. They should not be confused with debenture: even in the case of debenture, the buildings acquired are endowed with liens for the benefit of investors. However, most real estate bonds are subordinated – so in the event of insolvency, the other creditors are served first. In the case of the debenture, on the other hand, the creditors are secured first. |
Real Estate Funds |
In real estate funds, professional investors or fund managers collect the money and then invest it in several properties. Based on their experience, managers can usually generate a high return. Investors have a choice between open and closed funds. Open-ended real estate funds have many properties in their portfolio. In addition, they usually have an unlimited investment volume. This means that the fund's assets continue to grow as new investors join with new money. This also means that you can always resell your shares. In the case of closed-end real estate funds, on the other hand, the volume is limited. When all shares are sold, they are closed. You then have to hold your fund shares until the end of the term. They also often invest only in one or two properties such as hospitals, hotels or shopping centres. |
Real Estate Crowd-funding |
Recently, real estate crowdfunding as a way of investing is also quite popular. Instead of raising a lot of capital for a property, one joins forces with many other private investors via an internet platform and invests together as a "crowd" in individual construction projects. This already works with small amounts and thus also allows retail investors to invest in larger real estate projects. This type of investment, the so-called mezzanine capital, was previously reserved only for professional large investors. Today, private investors also benefit from high interest rates of up to 7.5% per year. |